Singapore moved up to second place, bumping Sweden down to third. Finland moved up to fourth place, from seventh last year. The United States was in fourth place last year, after falling from number one in 2008.
The rankings, which the forum has issued for more than three decades, are based on economic data and a survey of 15,000 business executives.
The forum praised the United States for its productivity, highly sophisticated and innovative companies, excellent universities, and flexible labor market. But it also cited “a number of escalating weaknesses’’ such as rising government debt and declining public faith in political leaders and corporate ethics.
The results of a survey of 142 nations comes a day before Obama is preparing to tackle jobs issues in a speech to Congress, and just as US polls show a clear majority of those surveyed say they disapprove of the way Obama is handling the economy.
Switzerland held on to its top ranking, the forum said, because of “continuing strong performance across the board’’ with innovation, technological readiness, evenhanded regulation, and one of the world’s most stable economic environments.
Germany, Europe’s economic powerhouse, was sixth, followed by the Netherlands and Denmark. Japan came in ninth, and Britain was 10th. France was 18th, and Greece, saddled with debt, fell to 90th.
The report looked at broader trends: While the United States slipped, emerging markets gained traction. China took 26th place, highest among major emerging economies; Brazil was 53d; India was 56th; and Russia was 66th.
“Fiscal imbalances that have been building up around the world are really a danger to future competitiveness, in terms of the ability of countries to invest in those things that will be very important for competitiveness going forward, things like education, infrastructure, and so on,’’ said Jennifer Blanke, an economist with the forum.
