Better preventive coverage is one of the goals of President Obama’s health care overhaul law, part of a shift to try to catch problems early, before small problems lead to costly and deadly diseases.
“Services like these will go a long way in preventing chronic illnesses that consume over 75 percent of the health care spending in this country,’’ said Michelle Obama, the president’s wife, revealing the new benefits at a Washington hospital.
Better preventive care carries an upfront cost. Premiums will go up by 1.5 percent on average, as spending for the services is spread broadly across an entire pool of insured people.
For individuals who are diligent about their checkups, that can mean considerable out-of-pocket savings. For example, a 58-year-old woman at risk of heart disease could save at least $300 out of her own budget on recommended tests and services, ranging from diabetes and cholesterol screening to a mammogram and a flu shot.
Research has shown that people tend to skip recommended preventive care if cost is an issue, and even a modest copayment can make a difference. Cost-free prevention was one idea that received widespread support during the contentious health care debate in Congress last year.
The prevention requirements take effect for health plans renewing on or after Sept. 23, which means most beneficiaries will see them starting Jan. 1. Coincidentally, that is also when Medicare recipients get access to most preventive services at no out-of-pocket cost — another change under the health care law.
Under the new requirements, health insurance plans have to cover four sets of preventive services at no additional charge to their members:
■ Screenings strongly recommended with a grade of “A’’ or “B’’ by the US Preventive Services Task Force, an independent advisory panel. Among them are breast and colon cancer tests; screening of pregnant women for vitamin deficiencies; tests for diabetes, high cholesterol, and high blood pressure; and counseling to help smokers quit.
■ Routine vaccines from childhood immunizations to tetanus boosters for adults.
■ Well-baby visits to a pediatrician, vision and hearing tests for children, and counseling to help youngsters maintain a healthy weight. These and other services are recommended under guidelines developed by the government and the American Academy of Pediatrics.
■ Women’s health screenings, including tests called for under guidelines that are still in development and not expected to be announced until August 2011.
Large employer plans will not be affected by the new requirements if they are “grandfathered’’ under the health overhaul law. Lawmakers created that exception so Obama could deliver on his promise that the law would not force wholesale changes in existing insurance plans. However, as employers make changes to their plans, many stand to lose the exemption, meaning they would eventually have to comply.
